References
ALIOTH FINANCE (2019), Inflation calculator, US Official Inflation Data, 1 April.
BEITO, D. T. (1993), ‘From privies to boulevards: the private supply of infrastructure in the United States during the nineteenth century’, in J. Jenkins and D. E. Sisk (eds), Development by Consent: The Voluntary Supply of Public Goods and Services, San Francisco, ICS Press, 33–48.
BEITO, D. T. and SMITH, B. (1990), ‘The formation of urban infrastructure through nongovernmental planning: the private places of St. Louis, 1869–1920’, Journal of Urban History, 16, 263–303.
BETTMAN, A. (1927), ‘The decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the Euclid Village zoning case’, University of Cincinnati Law Review, 1, 188–96.
BEVERIDGE, C. (1992), ‘Frederick Law Olmsted’s vision for Buffalo’, in F. Kowsky (ed.), The Best Planned City: The Olmsted Legacy in Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, Burchfield Art Center, 19–25.
BUFFALO COURIER (1914), ‘No midsummer slump in Buffalo realty market’, Buffalo Courier, 8 July.
BUFFALO NEWS (1941), ‘Zoning Board kills plan for I.R.C. loop in Kenmore Avenue’, Buffalo News, 20 February.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1925), ‘A new building plan for better homes at lower cost’, Buffalo Morning Express, 14 August.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1927a), ‘Some of the “extras” you get’, Buffalo Evening News, 24 September.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1927b), Untitled advertisement, Buffalo Courier-Express, 8 May.
CHEAPE, C. W. (1980), Moving the Masses: Urban Public Transit in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, 1880–1912, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
FERNALD, F. A. (1910), Buffalo Means Business: The Index Guide to Buffalo and Niagara Falls, Buffalo, NY, Frederik A. Fernald.
FLEMING, R. B. (1991), ‘The trolley takes command, 1892 to 1894’, Urban History Review, 19, 218–25.
GOLDMAN, M. (2007), City on the Edge, Amherst, NY, Prometheus Books.
HALL, P. (2014), Cities of Tomorrow (4th edn), Chichester, Wiley Blackwell.
HESS, D. B. (2006), ‘Transportation beautiful: did the city beautiful movement improve urban transportation?’, Journal of Urban History, 32, 511–45.
HESS, D. B. and ALMEIDA, T. M. (2015), ‘Impact of proximity to light rail transit on station-area property values in Buffalo’, Urban Studies, 44, 1041–68.
HESS, D. B., HATA, H. and STERNBERG, E. (2013), ‘Pathways and artifacts: neighborhood design for active living’, Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 6, 52–71.
HUCK, A. J. (1914), University Park: A Restricted Residence Subdivision, Buffalo, NY, Matthews-Northrup Works.
KOWSKY, F. R. (1987), ‘Municipal parks and city planning: Frederick Law Olmsted’s Buffalo park and parkway system’, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 46, 49–64.
ALIOTH FINANCE (2019), Inflation calculator, US Official Inflation Data, 1 April.
MCKAY, J. P. (1976), Tramways and Trolleys: The Rise of Urban Mass Transport in Europe, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
BEITO, D. T. (1993), ‘From privies to boulevards: the private supply of infrastructure in the United States during the nineteenth century’, in J. Jenkins and D. E. Sisk (eds), Development by Consent: The Voluntary Supply of Public Goods and Services, San Francisco, ICS Press, 33–48.
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (2005), Multiple Resources Associated with the Suburban Development of Buffalo, NY, Buffalo, Erie County, New York, National Register of Historic Places, #64500937.
BEITO, D. T. and SMITH, B. (1990), ‘The formation of urban infrastructure through nongovernmental planning: the private places of St. Louis, 1869–1920’, Journal of Urban History, 16, 263–303.
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (2010), University Park Historic District, National Register of Historic Places, #11000273.
BETTMAN, A. (1927), ‘The decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the Euclid Village zoning case’, University of Cincinnati Law Review, 1, 188–96.
PENHURST PARK COMPANY (1909), Penhurst Park: A Choice Location for Handsome Homes, Buffalo, NY, Matthews-Northrup Works.
BEVERIDGE, C. (1992), ‘Frederick Law Olmsted’s vision for Buffalo’, in F. Kowsky (ed.), The Best Planned City: The Olmsted Legacy in Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, Burchfield Art Center, 19–25.
PILKEY, C. J. (1919), Greater Buffalo’s Official Street and Street Car Service Guide and Indexed Map, Buffalo, NY, C. J. Pilkey.
BUFFALO COURIER (1914), ‘No midsummer slump in Buffalo realty market’, Buffalo Courier, 8 July.
THE PUBLIC STAFF (2015), ‘Looking backward: streetcar named undesired’, The Public, 13 January.
BUFFALO NEWS (1941), ‘Zoning Board kills plan for I.R.C. loop in Kenmore Avenue’, Buffalo News, 20 February.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1925), ‘A new building plan for better homes at lower cost’, Buffalo Morning Express, 14 August.
SAVAGE, C. C. (1987), Architecture of the Private Streets of St. Louis: The Architects and the Houses They Designed, Columbia, University of Missouri Press.
SCHUYLER, D. (1992), ‘Cityscape and parkscape’, in Kowsky (ed.), 6–17.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1927a), ‘Some of the “extras” you get’, Buffalo Evening News, 24 September.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1927b), Untitled advertisement, Buffalo Courier-Express, 8 May.
STILGOE, J. R. (1988), Borderland: Origins of the American Suburb, 1820–1939, New Haven, Yale University Press.
CHEAPE, C. W. (1980), Moving the Masses: Urban Public Transit in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, 1880–1912, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
WARD, D. (1964), ‘A comparative historical geography of streetcar suburbs in Boston, Massachusetts and Leeds, England: 1850–1920’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 54, 477–89.
FERNALD, F. A. (1910), Buffalo Means Business: The Index Guide to Buffalo and Niagara Falls, Buffalo, NY, Frederik A. Fernald.
WARNER, S. B. (1978), Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870–1900 (2nd edn), Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
WARNER, S. B. (1987), The Private City: Philadelphia in Three Periods of Its Growth (2nd edn), Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
FLEMING, R. B. (1991), ‘The trolley takes command, 1892 to 1894’, Urban History Review, 19, 218–25.
GOLDMAN, M. (2007), City on the Edge, Amherst, NY, Prometheus Books.
WARNER, S. B. and WHITTEMORE, A. H. (2012), American Urban Form: A Representative History, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.
WILLIAMS, G. (2015), ‘A glimpse at your expenses 100 years ago’, US News and World Report, 2 January.
HALL, P. (2014), Cities of Tomorrow (4th edn), Chichester, Wiley Blackwell.
HESS, D. B. (2006), ‘Transportation beautiful: did the city beautiful movement improve urban transportation?’, Journal of Urban History, 32, 511–45.
HESS, D. B. and ALMEIDA, T. M. (2015), ‘Impact of proximity to light rail transit on station-area property values in Buffalo’, Urban Studies, 44, 1041–68.
HESS, D. B., HATA, H. and STERNBERG, E. (2013), ‘Pathways and artifacts: neighborhood design for active living’, Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 6, 52–71.
HUCK, A. J. (1914), University Park: A Restricted Residence Subdivision, Buffalo, NY, Matthews-Northrup Works.
KOWSKY, F. R. (1987), ‘Municipal parks and city planning: Frederick Law Olmsted’s Buffalo park and parkway system’, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 46, 49–64.
MCKAY, J. P. (1976), Tramways and Trolleys: The Rise of Urban Mass Transport in Europe, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (2005), Multiple Resources Associated with the Suburban Development of Buffalo, NY, Buffalo, Erie County, New York, National Register of Historic Places, #64500937.
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (2010), University Park Historic District, National Register of Historic Places, #11000273.
PENHURST PARK COMPANY (1909), Penhurst Park: A Choice Location for Handsome Homes, Buffalo, NY, Matthews-Northrup Works.
PILKEY, C. J. (1919), Greater Buffalo’s Official Street and Street Car Service Guide and Indexed Map, Buffalo, NY, C. J. Pilkey.
THE PUBLIC STAFF (2015), ‘Looking backward: streetcar named undesired’, The Public, 13 January.
SAVAGE, C. C. (1987), Architecture of the Private Streets of St. Louis: The Architects and the Houses They Designed, Columbia, University of Missouri Press.
SCHUYLER, D. (1992), ‘Cityscape and parkscape’, in Kowsky (ed.), 6–17.
STILGOE, J. R. (1988), Borderland: Origins of the American Suburb, 1820–1939, New Haven, Yale University Press.
WARD, D. (1964), ‘A comparative historical geography of streetcar suburbs in Boston, Massachusetts and Leeds, England: 1850–1920’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 54, 477–89.
WARNER, S. B. (1978), Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870–1900 (2nd edn), Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
WARNER, S. B. (1987), The Private City: Philadelphia in Three Periods of Its Growth (2nd edn), Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
WARNER, S. B. and WHITTEMORE, A. H. (2012), American Urban Form: A Representative History, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.
WILLIAMS, G. (2015), ‘A glimpse at your expenses 100 years ago’, US News and World Report, 2 January.
ALIOTH FINANCE (2019), Inflation calculator, US Official Inflation Data, 1 April.
BEITO, D. T. (1993), ‘From privies to boulevards: the private supply of infrastructure in the United States during the nineteenth century’, in J. Jenkins and D. E. Sisk (eds), Development by Consent: The Voluntary Supply of Public Goods and Services, San Francisco, ICS Press, 33–48.
BEITO, D. T. and SMITH, B. (1990), ‘The formation of urban infrastructure through nongovernmental planning: the private places of St. Louis, 1869–1920’, Journal of Urban History, 16, 263–303.
BETTMAN, A. (1927), ‘The decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the Euclid Village zoning case’, University of Cincinnati Law Review, 1, 188–96.
BEVERIDGE, C. (1992), ‘Frederick Law Olmsted’s vision for Buffalo’, in F. Kowsky (ed.), The Best Planned City: The Olmsted Legacy in Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, Burchfield Art Center, 19–25.
BUFFALO COURIER (1914), ‘No midsummer slump in Buffalo realty market’, Buffalo Courier, 8 July.
BUFFALO NEWS (1941), ‘Zoning Board kills plan for I.R.C. loop in Kenmore Avenue’, Buffalo News, 20 February.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1925), ‘A new building plan for better homes at lower cost’, Buffalo Morning Express, 14 August.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1927a), ‘Some of the “extras” you get’, Buffalo Evening News, 24 September.
CHAS. S. BURKHARDT CO. (1927b), Untitled advertisement, Buffalo Courier-Express, 8 May.
CHEAPE, C. W. (1980), Moving the Masses: Urban Public Transit in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, 1880–1912, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
FERNALD, F. A. (1910), Buffalo Means Business: The Index Guide to Buffalo and Niagara Falls, Buffalo, NY, Frederik A. Fernald.
FLEMING, R. B. (1991), ‘The trolley takes command, 1892 to 1894’, Urban History Review, 19, 218–25.
GOLDMAN, M. (2007), City on the Edge, Amherst, NY, Prometheus Books.
HALL, P. (2014), Cities of Tomorrow (4th edn), Chichester, Wiley Blackwell.
HESS, D. B. (2006), ‘Transportation beautiful: did the city beautiful movement improve urban transportation?’, Journal of Urban History, 32, 511–45.
HESS, D. B. and ALMEIDA, T. M. (2015), ‘Impact of proximity to light rail transit on station-area property values in Buffalo’, Urban Studies, 44, 1041–68.
HESS, D. B., HATA, H. and STERNBERG, E. (2013), ‘Pathways and artifacts: neighborhood design for active living’, Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 6, 52–71.
HUCK, A. J. (1914), University Park: A Restricted Residence Subdivision, Buffalo, NY, Matthews-Northrup Works.
KOWSKY, F. R. (1987), ‘Municipal parks and city planning: Frederick Law Olmsted’s Buffalo park and parkway system’, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 46, 49–64.
MCKAY, J. P. (1976), Tramways and Trolleys: The Rise of Urban Mass Transport in Europe, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (2005), Multiple Resources Associated with the Suburban Development of Buffalo, NY, Buffalo, Erie County, New York, National Register of Historic Places, #64500937.
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (2010), University Park Historic District, National Register of Historic Places, #11000273.
PENHURST PARK COMPANY (1909), Penhurst Park: A Choice Location for Handsome Homes, Buffalo, NY, Matthews-Northrup Works.
PILKEY, C. J. (1919), Greater Buffalo’s Official Street and Street Car Service Guide and Indexed Map, Buffalo, NY, C. J. Pilkey.
THE PUBLIC STAFF (2015), ‘Looking backward: streetcar named undesired’, The Public, 13 January.
SAVAGE, C. C. (1987), Architecture of the Private Streets of St. Louis: The Architects and the Houses They Designed, Columbia, University of Missouri Press.
SCHUYLER, D. (1992), ‘Cityscape and parkscape’, in Kowsky (ed.), 6–17.
STILGOE, J. R. (1988), Borderland: Origins of the American Suburb, 1820–1939, New Haven, Yale University Press.
WARD, D. (1964), ‘A comparative historical geography of streetcar suburbs in Boston, Massachusetts and Leeds, England: 1850–1920’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 54, 477–89.
WARNER, S. B. (1978), Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870–1900 (2nd edn), Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
WARNER, S. B. (1987), The Private City: Philadelphia in Three Periods of Its Growth (2nd edn), Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
WARNER, S. B. and WHITTEMORE, A. H. (2012), American Urban Form: A Representative History, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.
WILLIAMS, G. (2015), ‘A glimpse at your expenses 100 years ago’, US News and World Report, 2 January.